PepPalPepPal
    Back to Knowledge Base

    L-Glutathione

    Anti-Aging

    L-Glutathione (GSH)

    PepPal is a research assistant. All information is provided for educational and research purposes only and is not medical advice. Peptides discussed are not approved for human consumption unless prescribed by a licensed medical professional.

    Overview

    L-Glutathione (GSH) is the body's most abundant endogenous antioxidant — a tripeptide of cysteine, glycine, and glutamic acid produced in virtually every cell. Often called the 'master antioxidant,' it neutralises free radicals directly and regenerates other antioxidants including Vitamins C and E. Glutathione levels decline with age, chronic illness, oxidative stress, and poor lifestyle. Injectable glutathione bypasses the digestive system, delivering dramatically higher bioavailability than oral forms.

    Mechanism of Action

    L-Glutathione neutralises reactive oxygen species and free radicals directly, while also regenerating oxidised Vitamin C and Vitamin E back to their active reduced forms. It inhibits tyrosinase activity in melanocytes, contributing to skin brightening and even tone. It supports Phase I and Phase II liver detoxification pathways, binds heavy metals for elimination, and maintains mitochondrial integrity under oxidative stress.

    Research Contexts

    Skin brightening • Liver detoxification • Antioxidant status • Immune support • Heavy metal chelation • Anti-aging • Cellular health

    Dosing (PepPal Protocol)

    PepPal only publishes dosing from our vetted protocol PDFs. For peptides without an official PepPal protocol, see the Protocols page.

    Phase 1: 50mg 3x/week (Mon/Wed/Fri) for 2 weeks. Phase 2: 100mg 3x/week for 2 weeks. Phase 3: 200mg 3x/week for remainder of 4–6 week cycle. IM preferred (deltoid, vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal); SubQ alternative at lower doses. 4–6 weeks on / 4 weeks off.

    Reconstitution Guide

    Vial size: 1500 mg Water volume: 7.5 mL bacteriostatic water Concentration: 200 mg/mL (2 mg per unit) Add 7.5 mL of bacteriostatic water slowly along the vial wall — do not shake or agitate. This single reconstitution covers all phases. 50mg = 25 units, 100mg = 50 units, 200mg = 100 units.

    Storage Guidelines

    Before reconstitution: Store lyophilized powder at -20°C or in a cool, dry place away from light. Stable for 12+ months. After reconstitution: Refrigerate at 2–8°C. Use within 3–4 weeks.

    Half-Life & Stability

    Half-life: Relatively short (minutes to a few hours); effects are driven by antioxidant regeneration and downstream signaling rather than sustained plasma levels Stability: Moderate stability in solution when refrigerated. Pair with Vitamin C 500–1000mg daily to regenerate oxidised glutathione. Cycle off strictly — 4 weeks off after every 4–6 week cycle.